Core Concepts in Health
Author: Paul M Insel
This concise and current introduction to health topics and issues offers students scientifically based, accurate information about health and wellness. An affordable alternative to larger health texts, Core Concepts in Health, Brief Tenth Edition includes a built-in study guide, enabling students to test their knowledge of health-related issues and assess their level of wellness.
Booknews
Revised and updated (fifth edition, 1988) introductory textbook focuses on issues of concern to students--nutrition, weight control, contraception, exercise, intimate relationships, stress, AIDS, drugs, alcohol, etc.--and stresses personal responsibility and personal empowerment. Annotation c. Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)
Table of Contents:
Establishing a Basis for WellnessTaking Charge of Your Health 1
Wellness: The New Health Goal 2
The Dimensions of Wellness 2
New Opportunities, New Responsibilities 3
National Wellness Goals: The Healthy People Initiative 5
Health Issues for Diverse Populations 6
Choosing Wellness 11
Factors That Influence Wellness 11
A Wellness Profile 12
How Do You Reach Wellness? 14
Getting Serious About Your Health 14
Building Motivation for Change 15
Enhancing Your Readiness to Change 20
Developing Skills for Change: Creating a Personalized Plan 21
Putting Your Plan into Action 24
Staying with It 24
Being Healthy for Life 25
Making Changes in Your World 25
What Does the Future Hold? 26
Tips for Today 27
Summary 27
Take Action 27
For More Information 28
Selected Bibliography 29
Stress: The Constant Challenge 31
What Is Stress? 32
Physical Responses to Stressors 32
Emotional and Behavioral Responses to Stressors 35
The Stress Experience as a Whole 38
Stress and Disease 38
The General Adaptation Syndrome 39
Allostatic Load 40
Psychoneuroimmunology 40
Links Between Stress and Specific Conditions 40
Common Sources of Stress 42
Major Life Changes 42
Daily Hassles 42
College Stressors 43
Job-Related Stressors 44
Social Stressors 45
Environmental Stressors 46
Internal Stressors 47
Techniques for Managing Stress 47
Social Support 47
Communication 47
Exercise 47
Nutrition 48
Sleep 49
Time Management 49
Strive for Greater Spirituality 51
Confide in Yourself Through Writing 51
Cognitive Techniques 51
Relaxation Techniques 53
Counterproductive Coping Strategies 56
Creating a Personal Plan for Managing Stress 57
Identifying Stressors 57
Designing Your Plan 58
Getting Help 58
Tips for Today 58
Summary 58
Take Action 59
For More Information 59
Behavior Change Strategy: Dealing with Test Anxiety 60
Selected Bibliography 61
Psychological Health 63
What Psychological Health is Not 64
Defining Psychological Health 64
Realism 65
Acceptance 65
Autonomy 65
A Capacity for Intimacy 66
Creativity 66
Meeting Life's Challenges 66
Growing Up Psychologically 66
Achieving Healthy Self-Esteem 68
Being Less Defensive 70
Being Optimistic 71
Maintaining Honest Communication 72
Dealing with Loneliness 73
Dealing with Anger 73
Psychological Disorders 74
Anxiety Disorders 74
Mood Disorders 78
Schizophrenia 82
Models of Human Nature and Therapeutic Change 84
The Biological Model 84
The Behavioral Model 85
The Cognitive Model 86
The Psychodynamic Model 87
Evaluating the Models 87
Getting Help 88
Self-Help 88
Peer Counseling and Support Groups 88
Professional Help 88
Tips for Today 90
Summary 90
Behavior Change Strategy: Dealing with Social Anxiety 91
Take Action 92
For More Information 92
Selected Bibliography 93
Understanding Sexuality
Intimate Relationships and Communication 95
Developing Intimate Relationships 96
Self-Concept and Self-Esteem 96
Friendship 97
Love, Sex, and Intimacy 97
Challenges in Relationships 99
Successful Relationships 101
Unhealthy Relationships 102
Ending a Relationship 102
Communication 102
Nonverbal Communication 102
Communication Skills 103
Gender and Communication 103
Conflict and Conflict Resolution 103
Pairing and Singlehood 106
Choosing a Partner 107
Dating 107
Living Together 107
Same-Sex Partnerships 110
Singlehood 112
Marriage 112
Benefits of Marriage 113
Issues in Marriage 113
The Role of Commitment 114
Separation and Divorce 114
Family Life 114
Becoming a Parent 114
Parenting 115
Single Parents 117
Stepfamilies 117
Successful Families 117
Tips for Today 119
Summary 119
Take Action 120
For More Information 120
Selected Bibliography 121
Sex and Your Body 123
Sexual Anatomy 124
Female Sex Organs 124
Male Sex Organs 125
Hormones and the Reproductive Life Cycle 127
Differentiation of the Embryo 127
Female Sexual Maturation 128
Male Sexual Maturation 132
Aging and Human Sexuality 132
Sexual Functioning 132
Sexual Stimulation 133
The Sexual Response Cycle 133
Sexual Problems 135
Sexual Behavior 137
The Development of Sexual Behavior 137
Sexual Orientation 141
Varieties of Human Sexual Behavior 142
Atypical and Problematic Sexual Behaviors 144
Commercial Sex 144
Responsible Sexual Behavior 146
Tips for Today 147
Summary 147
Take Action 148
For More Information 148
Selected Bibliography 149
Contraception 151
Principles of Contraception 152
Reversible Contraception 154
Oral Contraceptives: The Pill 154
Contraceptive Skin Patch 156
Vaginal Contraceptive Ring 157
Contraceptive Implants 158
Injectable Contraceptives 158
Emergency Contraception 159
The Intrauterine Device (IUD) 160
Male Condoms 161
Female Condoms 162
The Diaphragm with Spermicide 164
Lea's Shield 166
The Cervical Cap 166
The Contraceptive Sponge 166
Vaginal Spermicides 167
Abstinence, Fertility Awareness, and Withdrawal 168
Combining Methods 169
Permanent Contraception: Sterilization 170
Male Sterilization: Vasectomy 171
Female Sterilization 172
Issues in Contraception 174
When Is It OK to Begin Having Sexual Relations? 174
Contraception and Gender Differences 175
Sexuality and Contraception Education and Teenagers 176
Which Contraceptive Method is Right For You? 177
Tips for Today 179
Summary 179
Take Action 180
For More Information 180
Selected Bibliography 181
Abortion 183
The Abortion Issue 184
The History of Abortion in the United States 184
Brent Legal Status 184
Moral Considerations 186
Public Opinion 186
Personal Considerations 189
Current Trends 190
Methods of Abortion 192
Suction Curettage 194
Manual Vacuum Aspiration 194
Abortion After the First Trimester 195
Medical Abortion 195
Complications of Abortion 196
Possible Physical Effects 196
Possible Psychological Effects 196
Decision Making and Unintended Pregnancy 197
Tips for Today 199
Summary 199
Take Action 199
For More Information 200
Selected Bibliography 200
Pregnancy and Childbirth 203
Preparation for Parenthood 204
Deciding to Become a Parent 204
Preconception Care 205
Understanding Fertility 206
Conception 206
Infertility 208
Pregnancy 212
Pregnancy Tests 212
Changes in the Woman's Body 212
Emotional Responses to Pregnancy 214
Fetal Development 214
The Importance of Prenatal Care 220
Complications of Pregnancy and Pregnancy Loss 224
Childbirth 226
Choices in Childbirth 226
Labor and Delivery 226
The Postpartum Period 229
Tips for Today 231
Summary 231
Take Action 232
For More Information 232
Selected Bibliography 233
Making Responsible Decisions: Substance Use and Abuse
The Use and Abuse of Psychoactive Drugs 235
Addictive Behavior 236
What Is Addiction? 236
Characteristics of Addictive Behavior 237
The Development of Addiction 237
Characteristics of People with Addictions 237
Examples of Addictive Behaviors 238
Drug Use, Abuse, and Dependence 239
The Drug Tradition 239
Drug Abuse and Dependence 240
Who Uses Drugs? 241
Why Do People Use Drugs? 242
Risk Factors for Dependence 243
Other Risks of Drug Use 244
How Drugs Affect the Body 246
Changes in Brain Chemistry 246
Drug Factors 246
User Factors 247
Social Factors 248
Representative Psychoactive Drugs 248
Opioids 248
Central Nervous System Depressants 250
Central Nervous System Stimulants 250
Marijuana and Other Cannabis Products 254
Hallucinogens 255
Inhalants 257
Drug Use: The Decades Ahead 258
Drugs, Society, and Families 258
Legalizing Drugs 258
Drug Testing 260
Treatment for Drug Dependence 260
Preventing Drug Abuse 262
The Role of Drugs in Your Life 263
Tips for Today 264
Summary 264
Behavior Change Strategy: Changing Your Drug Habits 265
Take Action 265
For More Information 266
Selected Bibliography 267
The Responsible Use of Alcohol 269
The Nature of Alcohol 270
The Chemistry of Alcohol 270
Absorption 270
Metabolism and Excretion 271
Alcohol Intake and Blood Alcohol Concentration 271
Alcohol and Health 273
The Immediate Effects of Alcohol 273
Drinking and Driving 275
The Effects of Chronic Use 277
The Effects of Alcohol Use During Pregnancy 278
Possible Health Benefits of Alcohol 279
Alcohol Abuse and Dependence 280
Alcohol Abuse 280
Binge Drinking 280
Alcoholism 282
Gender and Ethnic Differences 286
Helping Someone with an Alcohol Problem 288
Drinking Behavior and Responsibility 288
Examine Your Attitudes About Alcohol Use 288
Examine Your Drinking Behavior 288
Drink Moderately and Responsibly 290
Promote Responsible Drinking in Others 290
Tips for Today 292
Summary 292
Behavior Change Strategy: Developing Responsible Drinking Habits 293
Take Action 294
For More Information 294
Selected Bibliography 295
Toward a Tobacco-Free Society 297
Why People Use Tobacco 298
Nicotine Addiction 298
Social and Psychological Factors 301
Genetic Factors 301
Why Start in the First Place? 301
Who Uses Tobacco? 303
Health Hazards 304
Tobacco Smoke: A Toxic Mix 304
The Immediate Effects of Smoking 307
The Long-Term Effects of Smoking 307
Other Forms of Tobacco Use 311
The Effects of Smoking on the Nonsmoker 313
Environmental Tobacco Smoke 314
Smoking and Pregnancy 315
The Cost of Tobacco Use to Society 315
What Can Be Done? 317
Action at the Local Level 317
Action at the State and Federal Levels 317
International Action 317
Action in the Private Sector 318
Individual Action 318
Controlling the Tobacco Companies 319
How a Tobacco User Can Quit 3
The Benefits of Quitting 319
Options for Quitting 320
Tips for Today 322
Behavior Change Strategy: Kicking the Tobacco Habit 322
Summary 323
Take Action 324
For More Information 324
Selected Bibliography 325
Getting Fit
Nutrition Basics 327
Nutritional Requirements: Components of a Healthy Diet 328
Proteins-The Basis of Body Structure 329
Fats-Essential in Small Amounts 330
Carbohydrates-An Ideal Source of Energy 334
Fiber-A Closer Look 337
Vitamins-Organic Micro nutrients 338
Minerals-Inorganic Micronutrients 340
Water-Vital but Often Ignored 340
Other Substances in Food 340
Nutritional Guidelines: Planning Your Diet 343
Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) 343
Dietary Guidelines for Americans 344
USDA's MyPyramid 350
The Vegetarian Alternative 354
Dietary Challenges for Special Population Groups 356
A Personal Plan: Making Informed Choices About Food 357
Reading Food Labels 357
Reading Dietary Supplement Labels 357
Protecting Yourself Against Foodborne Illness 360
Environmental Contaminants and Organic Foods 363
Additives in Food 364
Food Irradiation 365
Genetically Modified Foods 365
Food Allergies and Food Intolerances 366
Staying Committed to a Healthy Diet 366
Tips for Today 368
Summary 368
Behavior Change Strategy: Improving Your Diet
By Choosing Healthy Beverages 369
Take Action 369
For More Information 370
Selected Bibliography 371
Exercise for Health and Fitness 377
What is Physical Fitness? 378
Cardiorespiratory Endurance 378
Muscular Strength 379
Muscular Endurance 380
Flexibility 380
Body Composition 380
The Benefits of Exercise 380
Improved Cardiorespiratory Functioning 380
More Efficient Metabolism 380
Improved Body Composition 381
Disease Prevention and Management 382
Improved Psychological and Emotional Wellness 383
Improved Immune Function 383
Prevention of Injuries and Low-Back Pain 383
Improved Wellness over the Life Span 384
Designing Your Exercise Program 384
Physical Activity and Exercise for Health and Fitness 386
First Steps 388
Cardiorespiratory Endurance Exercises 391
Developing Muscular Strength and Endurance 393
Flexibility Exercises 395
Training in Specific Skills 397
Putting It All Together 397
Getting Started and Staying on Track 398
Selecting Instructors, Equipment, and Facilities 398
Eating and Drinking for Exercise 400
Managing Your Fitness Program 400
Tips for Today 405
Summary 405
Behavior Change Strategy: Planning a Personal Exercise Program 406
Take Action 407
For More Information 408
Selected Bibliography 409
Weight Management 411
Basic Concepts of Weight Management 412
Body Composition 412
Energy Balance 413
Evaluating Body Weight and Body Composition 414
Excess Body Fat and Wellness 416
What Is the Right Weight for You? 419
Factors Contributing to Excess Body Fat 419
Genetic Factors 419
Physiological Factors 420
Lifestyle Factors 421
Psychosocial Factors 423
Adopting a Healthy Lifestyle for Successful Weight Management 423
Diet and Eating Habits 423
Physical Activity and Exercise 427
Thinking and Emotions 427
Coping Strategies 428
Approaches to Overcoming a Weight Problem 428
Doing It Yourself 428
Diet Books 430
Dietary Supplements and Diet Aids 430
Weight-Loss Programs 433
Prescription Drugs 433
Surgery 434
Psychological Help 435
Body Image 435
Severe Body Image Problems 435
Acceptance and Change 436
Eating Disorders 437
Factors in Developing an Eating Disorder 437
Anorexia Nervosa 438
Bulimia Nervosa 438
Binge-Eating Disorder 439
Borderline Disordered Eating 439
Treating Eating Disorders 439
Today's Challenge 439
Tips for Today 440
Summary 440
Behavior Change Strategy: A Weight-Management Program 441
Take Action 442
A For More Information 442
Selected Bibliography 443
Protecting Yourself from Disease
Cardiovascular Health 445
The Cardiovascular System 446
Risks Factors for Cardiovascular Disease 447
Major Risk Factors That Can Be Changed 448
Contributing Risk Factors That Can Be Changed 453
Major Risk Factors That Can't Be Changed 455
Possible Risk Factors Currently Being Studied 456
Major Forms of Cardiovascular Disease 460
Atherosclerosis 460
Heart Disease and Heart Attack 461
Stroke 464
Peripheral Arterial Disease 466
Congestive Heart Failure 467
Other Forms of Heart Disease 467
Protecting Yourself Against Cardiovascular Disease 469
Eat Heart-Healthy 469
Exercise Regularly 472
Avoid Tobacco 472
Know and Manage Your Blood Pressure 472
Know and Manage Your Cholesterol Levels 472
Develop Effective Ways to Handle Stress and Anger 473
Manage Other Risk Factors and Medical Conditions 474
Tips for Today 474
Summary 474
Take Action 474
Behavior Change Strategy: Reducing the Saturated and Trans Fat in Your Diet 475
For More Information 475
Selected Bibliography 477
Cancer 479
What is Cancer? 480
Benign Versus Malignant Tumors 480
How Cancer Spreads: Metastasis 481
Types of Cancer 481
The Incidence of Cancer 482
Common Cancers 484
Lung Cancer 484
Colon and Rectal Cancer 485
Breast Cancer 485
Prostate Cancer 487
Cancers of the Female Reproductive Tract 488
Skin Cancer 490
Oral Cancer 493
Testicular Cancer 493
Other Cancers 493
The Causes of Cancer 495
The Role of DNA 495
Dietary Factors 498
Inactivity and Obesity 500
Microbes 501
Carcinogens in the Environment 501
Detecting, Diagnosing, and Treating Cancer 503
Detecting Cancer 503
Diagnosing Cancer 505
Treating Cancer 505
Living with Cancer 507
Preventing Cancer 507
Avoiding Tobacco 507
Controlling Diet and Weight 509
Regular Exercise 509
Protecting Skin from the Sun 509
Avoiding Environmental and Occupational Carcinogens 509
Recommended Screening Tests 509
Tips for Today 510
Summary 510
Take Action 510
Behavior Change Strategy: Incorporating More Fruits and Vegetables into Your Diet 511
For More Information 511
Selected Bibliography 512
Immunity and Infection 515
The Chain of Infection 516
Links in the Chain 516
Breaking the Chain 517
The Body's Defense System 517
Physical and Chemical Barriers 517
The Immune System 518
Immunization 521
Allergy: The Body's Defense System Gone Haywire 523
The Troublemakers: Pathogens and Disease 525
Bacteria 526
Viruses 531
Fungi 537
Protozoa 538
Parasitic Worms 539
Prions 539
Emerging Infectious Diseases 539
Other Immune Disorders: Cancer and Autoimmune Diseases 541
Giving Yourself a Fighting Chance: How to Support Your Immune System 542
Tips for Today 543
Summary 543
Take Action 544
For More Information 544
Selected Bibliography 545
Sexually Transmitted Diseases 547
The Major STDS 548
HIV Infection and AIDS 548
Chlamydia 562
Gonorrhea 565
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease 565
Human Papillomavirus Infection (Genital Warts) 566
Genital Herpes 569
Hepatitis B 570
Syphilis 571
Other STDS 572
What You Can Do 573
Education 573
Diagnosis and Treatment 574
Prevention 575
Tips for Today 577
Summary 577
Take Action 578
For More Information 578
Selected Bibliography 579
Accepting Physical Limits
Aging: A Vital Process 581
Generating Vitality As You Age 582
What Happens as You Age? 582
Life-Enhancing Measures: Age-Proofing 582
Confronting the Changes of Aging 586
Planning for Social Changes 586
Adapting to Physical Changes 587
Handling Psychological and Mental Changes 590
Aging and Life Expectancy 592
Factors Influencing Life Expectancy 592
Theories on Aging 592
Life in an Aging America 593
Americas Aging Minority 594
Family and Community Resources for Older Adults 595
Government Aid and Policies 597
Changing the Public's Idea of Aging 598
Tips for Today 599
Summary 599
Take Action 600
For More Information 600
Selected Bibliography 601
Dying and Death 603
Why is There Death? 604
Understanding Death and Dying 604
Defining Death 604
Learning About Death 605
Denying Versus Welcoming Death 605
Planning for Death 606
Making a Will 606
Considering Options for End-of-Life Care 608
Deciding to Prolong Life or Hasten Death 608
Completing an Advance Directive 611
Becoming an Organ Donor 612
Planning a Funeral or Memorial Service 614
Coping with Dying 616
Awareness of Dying 616
The Tasks of Coping 617
The Trajectory of Dying 617
Supporting a Dying Person 619
Coping with Loss 619
Experiencing Grief 619
Supporting a Grieving Person 621
Helping Children Cope with Loss 623
Coming to Terms with Death 623
Tips for Today 624
Summary 624
Take Action 625
For More Information 625
Selected Bibliography 626
Living Well in the World
Conventional and Complementary Medicine: Skills for the Health Care Consumer 629
Self-Care: Managing Medical Problems 630
Self-Assessment 630
Decision Making: Knowing When to See a Physician 630
Self-Treatment: Many Options 631
Professional Medical and Health Care: Choices and Change 633
Conventional Medicine 634
Premises and Assumptions of Conventional Medicine 634
The Providers of Conventional Medicine 635
Choosing a Primary Care Physician 637
Getting the Most Out of Your Medical Care 638
Complementary and Alternative Medicine 643
Alternative Medical Systems 643
Mind-Body Interventions 646
Biological-Based Therapies 648
Manipulative and Body-Based Methods 648
Energy Therapies 649
Evaluating Complementary and Alternative Therapies 651
Why Do Consumers Use Complementary Medicine? 652
Paying for Health Care 653
The Current System 653
Health Insurance 654
Choosing a Policy 656
Tips for Today 656
Summary 656
Behavior Change Strategy: Complying with Physicians' Instructions 657
Take Action 658
For More Information 658
Selected Bibliography 659
Personal Safety: Protecting Yourself from Unintentional Injuries and Violence 661
Unintentional Injuries 662
What Causes an Injury? 662
Motor Vehicle Injuries 664
Home Injuries 668
Leisure Injuries 671
Work Injuries 672
Violence and Intentional Injuries 673
Factors Contributing to Violence 673
Assault 676
Homicide 676
Gang-Related Violence 676
Hate Crimes 677
School Violence 677
Workplace Violence 678
Terrorism 678
Family and Intimate Violence 678
Sexual Violence 683
What You Can Do About Violence 686
Providing Emergency Care 687
Tips for Today 688
Summary 688
Behavior Change Strategy: Adopting Safer Habits 689
Take Action 689
For More Information 690
Selected Bibliography 691
Environmental Health 693
Classic Environmental Health Concerns 694
Clean Water 695
Waste Disposal 696
Food Inspection 698
Insect and Rodent Control 698
Population Growth 699
How Many People Can the World Hold? 699
Factors That Contribute to Population Growth 700
Pollution 701
Air Pollution 701
Chemical Pollution 708
Radiation 711
Noise Pollution 713
Healing the Environment 714
Tips for Today 715
Summary 715
Take Action 716
For More Information 716
Selected Bibliography 717
Appendices
Nutritional Content of Popular Items from Fast-Food Restaurants A-1
A Self-Care Guide for Common Medical Problems A-5
Credits C-1
Index I-1
Read also I Need an OperationNow What or Having Faith
Bloom: Using Flower Essences for Personal Development and Spiritual Growth
Author: Stefan Ball
A unique guide to inner growth and spiritual evolution using the Bach Flower Remedies.
Millions of people the world over use the Bach Flower Remedies to treat poor health and emotional discomfort, but these essences actually have much more to offer us. Bloom is the first book to explain how these remedies can enhance our personal and spiritual development. Bach Center consultant Stefan Ball explores the ways in which the 38 remedies relate to different life experiences and to intriguing schools of religious and philosophical belief. He looks closely at the individual remedies in the system, detailing their positive effects and paths. Containing a wealth of fascinating testimonies, Bloom reveals how the renowned Bach remedies can help every one of us to change our life for the better. Stefan Ball's previous books include The Bach Remedies Workbook and Bach Flower Remedies for Men.
No comments:
Post a Comment